The Bruegel Institute believes that the most vulnerable consumers must be protected

The Commission is to extend the European system of carbon emission allowances to sectors such as housing and road transport, whereas the system currently only covers industry and air transport. The system applied to housing and road transport will operate in the same way as the EEC mechanism in force in France: energy suppliers will have to buy allowances if they fail to reduce their customers' emissions. The cost of the mechanism will ultimately be borne by consumers. The Bruegel Institute would like to see the introduction of a mechanism that would limit the cost of the system for the most vulnerable consumers, who have no financially accessible alternative for rapidly reducing their emissions.